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cave or cavern is a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. Some people[who?] suggest that the term cave should only apply to natural cavities some part of which is in total darkness; however, in popular usage, the term includes smaller spaces like sea caves, rock shelters, and grottos.
Speleology is the science of exploration and study of all aspects of caves and the environment which surrounds the caves. Exploring a cave for recreation or science may be called caving, potholing, or, in Canada and the United States, spelunking.